{"id":2716,"date":"2014-05-06T16:33:58","date_gmt":"2014-05-06T16:33:58","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.slsa.ch\/?page_id=2716"},"modified":"2024-10-09T12:15:29","modified_gmt":"2024-10-09T10:15:29","slug":"senegal-mali","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/slsa.ch\/en\/projects\/current-projects\/senegal-mali\/","title":{"rendered":"Senegal, Mali"},"content":{"rendered":"[vc_row type=”in_container” full_screen_row_position=”middle” column_margin=”default” column_direction=”default” column_direction_tablet=”default” column_direction_phone=”default” scene_position=”center” top_padding=”45″ text_color=”dark” text_align=”left” row_border_radius=”none” row_border_radius_applies=”bg” overflow=”visible” overlay_strength=”0.3″ gradient_direction=”left_to_right” shape_divider_position=”bottom” bg_image_animation=”none”][vc_column column_padding=”no-extra-padding” column_padding_tablet=”inherit” column_padding_phone=”inherit” column_padding_position=”all” column_element_direction_desktop=”default” column_element_spacing=”default” desktop_text_alignment=”default” tablet_text_alignment=”default” phone_text_alignment=”default” background_color_opacity=”1″ background_hover_color_opacity=”1″ column_backdrop_filter=”none” column_shadow=”none” column_border_radius=”none” column_link_target=”_self” column_position=”default” gradient_direction=”left_to_right” overlay_strength=”0.3″ width=”1\/1″ tablet_width_inherit=”default” animation_type=”default” bg_image_animation=”none” border_type=”simple” column_border_width=”none” column_border_style=”solid”][heading]FAL\u00c9M\u00c9, SENEGAL UND MALI<\/p>\n

Peuplement humain et pal\u00e9oenvironnement en Afrique<\/h4>\n[\/heading][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row type=”full_width_background” full_screen_row_position=”middle” column_margin=”default” column_direction=”default” column_direction_tablet=”default” column_direction_phone=”default” scene_position=”center” bottom_padding=”40″ text_color=”dark” text_align=”left” row_border_radius=”none” row_border_radius_applies=”bg” overflow=”visible” overlay_strength=”0.3″ gradient_direction=”left_to_right” shape_divider_position=”bottom” bg_image_animation=”none”][vc_column column_padding=”no-extra-padding” column_padding_tablet=”inherit” column_padding_phone=”inherit” column_padding_position=”all” column_element_direction_desktop=”default” column_element_spacing=”default” desktop_text_alignment=”default” tablet_text_alignment=”default” phone_text_alignment=”default” background_color_opacity=”1″ background_hover_color_opacity=”1″ column_backdrop_filter=”none” column_shadow=”none” column_border_radius=”none” column_link_target=”_self” column_position=”default” gradient_direction=”left_to_right” overlay_strength=”0.3″ width=”1\/1″ tablet_width_inherit=”default” animation_type=”default” bg_image_animation=”none” border_type=”simple” column_border_width=”none” column_border_style=”solid”][nectar_gmap map_type=”leaflet” zoom=”8″ marker_style=”default” color=”accent-color” marker_image=”1366″ marker_animation=”1″ size=”450″ map_center_lat=”13.376133″ map_center_lng=”-11.870877″ map_markers=”13.376133|-11.870877|SLSA in Senegal”][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row type=”in_container” full_screen_row_position=”middle” column_margin=”default” column_direction=”default” column_direction_tablet=”default” column_direction_phone=”default” scene_position=”center” top_padding=”10″ bottom_padding=”0″ text_color=”dark” text_align=”left” row_border_radius=”none” row_border_radius_applies=”bg” overflow=”visible” overlay_strength=”0.3″ gradient_direction=”left_to_right” shape_divider_position=”bottom” bg_image_animation=”none”][vc_column column_padding=”no-extra-padding” column_padding_tablet=”inherit” column_padding_phone=”inherit” column_padding_position=”all” column_element_direction_desktop=”default” column_element_spacing=”default” desktop_text_alignment=”default” tablet_text_alignment=”default” phone_text_alignment=”default” background_color_opacity=”1″ background_hover_color_opacity=”1″ column_backdrop_filter=”none” column_shadow=”none” column_border_radius=”none” column_link_target=”_self” column_position=”default” gradient_direction=”left_to_right” overlay_strength=”0.3″ width=”2\/3″ tablet_width_inherit=”default” animation_type=”default” bg_image_animation=”none” border_type=”simple” column_border_width=”none” column_border_style=”solid”][vc_column_text]Le projet en cours (2019-2022) marque une troisi\u00e8me phase du projet\u00a0Peuplement humain et pal\u00e9oenvironnement en Afrique de l’Ouest – Projet Fal\u00e9m\u00e9<\/i>\u00a0d\u00e9but\u00e9 en 2012 au S\u00e9n\u00e9gal, coordonn\u00e9 par le Laboratoire Arch\u00e9ologie et Peuplement de l\u2019Afrique (http:\/\/ua.unige.ch\/fr\/apa\/<\/a>) de l\u2019Universit\u00e9 de Gen\u00e8ve. Il s’inscrit, comme pr\u00e9c\u00e9demment, dans la th\u00e9matique g\u00e9n\u00e9rale des dynamiques techniques, en lien avec l\u2019histoire du peuplement sur le temps long et des variations environnementales. Il se justifie par la d\u00e9couverte r\u00e9cente de sites arch\u00e9ologiques majeurs pour la compr\u00e9hension du peuplement de l’Afrique en g\u00e9n\u00e9ral et de celui de l’Afrique de l’Ouest en particulier. Quatre volets constituent le focus de la pr\u00e9sente phase du projet:<\/p>\n

1.\u00a0Caract\u00e9riser les dynamiques d\u2019occupation anciennes de la Fal\u00e9m\u00e9<\/i>: ce volet s’attache \u00e0 l’\u00e9tude du site du Ravin Blanc IV, un gisement Acheul\u00e9en exceptionnel\u00a0in situ<\/i>. D\u2019apr\u00e8s les dates pr\u00e9liminaires, ce large atelier de taille serait contemporain de sites du d\u00e9but du Middle Stone Age et aux premiers vestiges d\u2019humains anatomiquement modernes d\u2019Afrique. Le site du Chacal, quant \u00e0 lui, pr\u00e9sente une industrie Acheul\u00e9enne in\u00e9dite, t\u00e9moignant d\u2019une trajectoire culturelle longue, riche et complexe en Afrique de l\u2019Ouest \u00e0 la fin du Pl\u00e9istoc\u00e8ne moyen.<\/p>\n

2.\u00a0Discerner le passage des derniers chasseurs-cueilleurs aux soci\u00e9t\u00e9s productrices<\/i>: plusieurs nouveaux sites du Late Stone Age\u00a0in situ<\/i>\u00a0et bien stratifi\u00e9s, dans un contexte pa\u00e9loenvironnemental maintenant bien cern\u00e9, ont \u00e9t\u00e9 dat\u00e9s entre 17’000 et 7’000 calBC (OSL et C14<\/sup>). Certains ont \u00e9galement livr\u00e9 des vestiges c\u00e9ramiques d\u00e8s le 5e\u00a0<\/sup>mill. calBC. Cet ensemble de sites constitue un quatri\u00e8me point en Afrique de l’Ouest et apporte des donn\u00e9es nouvelles sur les derniers chasseurs-cueilleurs et l’av\u00e8nement des soci\u00e9t\u00e9 productrices dans cette r\u00e9gion.<\/p>\n

3.\u00a0Documenter la variabilit\u00e9 technologique et culturelle de la m\u00e9tallurgie du fer<\/i>: les derni\u00e8res missions de terrain ont permis d’identifier un \u00c2ge du fer ancien remontant au 4e<\/sup>\u00a0s. calBC, livrant des sites de r\u00e9duction du fer aux technologies vari\u00e9es, et au moins un site d’habitat en lien. L’\u00e9tude de ces sites nous permet de donner des informations inexistantes jusqu\u2019alors sur le contexte de l’\u00e9mergence de la m\u00e9tallurgie du fer dans cette partie de l’Afrique et sur l’\u00e9volution complexe de sa technologie.<\/p>\n

4.\u00a0Comprendre le r\u00f4le de la Fal\u00e9m\u00e9 pendant la p\u00e9riode des grands empires m\u00e9di\u00e9vaux<\/i>: la d\u00e9couverte exceptionnelle sur le site de Djoutoubaya, dat\u00e9 entre 800 et 1400 AD, de creusets destin\u00e9s \u00e0 la transformation de l’or jouxtant un b\u00e2timent quadrangulaire massif en briques \u00e9voquant les maisons-fortes des m\u00e9tropoles d’Afrique du Nord, relance la question du r\u00f4le des mines d’or du Bambouk dans les relations commerciales entre l’Afrique occidentale et le reste du Monde au Moyen-Age.<\/p>\n

L\u2019objectif du projet est d\u2019apporter des \u00e9clairages nouveaux sur plusieurs fen\u00eatres du pass\u00e9 africain \u00e0 partir de sites au potentiel informatif uniques et d\u2019une approche pluridisciplinaire \u00e9prouv\u00e9e depuis plus de 20 ans. L\u2019ensemble des travaux s\u2019effectue en coop\u00e9ration avec l\u2019Institut Fondamental d\u2019Afrique Noire (IFAN) de l\u2019Universit\u00e9 Cheikh Anta Diop de Dakar (UCAD), selon une convention renouvel\u00e9e en 2018, ainsi qu’avec le Mus\u00e9e des Civilisations Noires (MCN) de Dakar. La collaboration \u00e9troite entre partenaires europ\u00e9ens et africains, pour la fouille, la valorisation des r\u00e9sultats et la formation, assure que les r\u00e9sultats escompt\u00e9s serviront de r\u00e9f\u00e9rence dans les diff\u00e9rents domaines abord\u00e9s.<\/p>\n

Le projet actuel, comme ceux men\u00e9s en Afrique de l\u2019Ouest depuis 1988 par l\u2019Universit\u00e9 de Gen\u00e8ve, est financ\u00e9 par la Fondation Suisse-Liechtenstein pour les recherches arch\u00e9ologiques \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9tranger (SLSA) et par le Fonds national suisse de la recherche scientifique (FNS).[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][vc_column column_padding=”no-extra-padding” column_padding_tablet=”inherit” column_padding_phone=”inherit” column_padding_position=”all” column_element_direction_desktop=”default” column_element_spacing=”default” desktop_text_alignment=”default” tablet_text_alignment=”default” phone_text_alignment=”default” background_color_opacity=”1″ background_hover_color_opacity=”1″ column_backdrop_filter=”none” column_shadow=”none” column_border_radius=”none” column_link_target=”_self” column_position=”default” gradient_direction=”left_to_right” overlay_strength=”0.3″ width=”1\/3″ tablet_width_inherit=”default” animation_type=”default” bg_image_animation=”none” border_type=”simple” column_border_width=”none” column_border_style=”solid”][vc_row_inner column_margin=”default” column_direction=”default” column_direction_tablet=”default” column_direction_phone=”default” text_align=”left” row_position=”default” row_position_tablet=”inherit” row_position_phone=”inherit” overflow=”visible” pointer_events=”all”][vc_column_inner column_padding=”no-extra-padding” column_padding_tablet=”inherit” column_padding_phone=”inherit” column_padding_position=”all” column_element_direction_desktop=”default” column_element_spacing=”default” desktop_text_alignment=”default” tablet_text_alignment=”default” phone_text_alignment=”default” background_color_opacity=”1″ background_hover_color_opacity=”1″ column_backdrop_filter=”none” column_shadow=”none” column_border_radius=”none” column_link_target=”_self” overflow=”visible” gradient_direction=”left_to_right” overlay_strength=”0.3″ width=”1\/4″ tablet_width_inherit=”default” animation_type=”default” bg_image_animation=”none” border_type=”simple” column_border_width=”none” column_border_style=”solid”][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner column_padding=”no-extra-padding” column_padding_tablet=”inherit” column_padding_phone=”inherit” column_padding_position=”all” column_element_direction_desktop=”default” column_element_spacing=”default” desktop_text_alignment=”default” tablet_text_alignment=”default” phone_text_alignment=”default” background_color_opacity=”1″ background_hover_color_opacity=”1″ column_backdrop_filter=”none” column_shadow=”none” column_border_radius=”none” column_link_target=”_self” overflow=”visible” gradient_direction=”left_to_right” overlay_strength=”0.3″ width=”3\/4″ tablet_width_inherit=”default” animation_type=”default” bg_image_animation=”none” border_type=”simple” column_border_width=”none” column_border_style=”solid”][vc_column_text]Contact:<\/strong>
\nProf. Eric Huysecom<\/a>, Directeur du projet
\nDr. Anne Mayor<\/a>, Ma\u00eetre d’enseignement et de recherche, co-requ\u00e9rante
\nDr. Katja Douze<\/a>, Adjointe scientifique III, collaboratrice scientifique II<\/p>\n

D\u00e9partement d\u2019Anthropologie de Universit\u00e9 de Gen\u00e8ve
\nLaboratoire Arch\u00e9ologie et Peuplement de l\u2019Afrique (APA)
\n30, quai Ernest-Ansermet
\n1205 Gen\u00e8ve<\/p>\n

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